Ingredient Glossary

CMC Powder (Carboxy Methyl Cellulose)

CMC Powder, or Carboxy Methyl Cellulose, is a versatile water-soluble thickener used across modern skincare, haircare and cosmetic formulation. This Bio Shop™ Ingredient Glossary guide explains what CMC does, where...

CMC Powder (Carboxy Methyl Cellulose)

CMC Powder, or Carboxy Methyl Cellulose, is a versatile water-soluble thickener used across modern skincare, haircare and cosmetic formulation. This Bio Shop™ Ingredient Glossary guide explains what CMC does, where...

Mandelic Acid

Mandelic Acid (CAS 90-64-2) — the aromatic AHA for South Asian skin. Exfoliates, brightens hyperpigmentation, clears acne, and fades PIH without glycolic acid's irritation risk.

Mandelic Acid

Mandelic Acid (CAS 90-64-2) — the aromatic AHA for South Asian skin. Exfoliates, brightens hyperpigmentation, clears acne, and fades PIH without glycolic acid's irritation risk.

Alpha Arbutin Powder

Alpha Arbutin Powder is one of the most respected modern brightening actives in cosmetic chemistry — a water-soluble, plant-derived molecule prized for supporting a more even, luminous complexion. This glossary...

Alpha Arbutin Powder

Alpha Arbutin Powder is one of the most respected modern brightening actives in cosmetic chemistry — a water-soluble, plant-derived molecule prized for supporting a more even, luminous complexion. This glossary...

Pale yellow water-soluble kojic acid powder in a glass petri dish on white marble — Bio Shop Ingredient Glossary

Kojic Acid Water Soluble

Water-soluble kojic acid is one of the most trusted brightening actives in modern DIY skincare. Learn how it works, the recommended usage rates, and how to formulate with it safely.

Kojic Acid Water Soluble

Water-soluble kojic acid is one of the most trusted brightening actives in modern DIY skincare. Learn how it works, the recommended usage rates, and how to formulate with it safely.

Xanthan Gum

Xanthan Gum (CAS 11138-66-2) is Pakistan's essential cosmetic bio-thickener — a halal, EU-permitted fermentation biopolymer for gel serums, face masks, hair gels, and emulsions at 0.1–2%.

Xanthan Gum

Xanthan Gum (CAS 11138-66-2) is Pakistan's essential cosmetic bio-thickener — a halal, EU-permitted fermentation biopolymer for gel serums, face masks, hair gels, and emulsions at 0.1–2%.

TEA (Triethanolamine)

Triethanolamine (TEA) is Pakistan's essential pH adjuster and Carbomer gel activator. EU Annex III restricted at 2.5% leave-on; halal; the foundation of brightening serums and moisturising creams.

TEA (Triethanolamine)

Triethanolamine (TEA) is Pakistan's essential pH adjuster and Carbomer gel activator. EU Annex III restricted at 2.5% leave-on; halal; the foundation of brightening serums and moisturising creams.

Kojic Acid Dipalmitate

Oil-soluble skin brightening active (CAS 79725-98-7). Stable tyrosinase inhibitor, EU-unrestricted, conditionally Halal. For fairness creams, brightening serums, and bridal body lotions.

Kojic Acid Dipalmitate

Oil-soluble skin brightening active (CAS 79725-98-7). Stable tyrosinase inhibitor, EU-unrestricted, conditionally Halal. For fairness creams, brightening serums, and bridal body lotions.